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On 2026-05-11, Andrej Karpathy (@karpathy) advised ending prompts with “structure…

2026-05-11 · 16:20 UTC ·@karpathy ·2 min read

Brief

Andrej Karpathy recommends ending LLM prompts with “structure your response as HTML” (or slides) and viewing the result in a browser, saying it works well. He argues audio will be the preferred input and vision the preferred output (≈one-third of our brains process vision) and predicts a trajectory from text → markdown → HTML toward interactive diffusion-generated neural videos, while urging better multimodal input (pointing/gesture) before BCIs.

Why it matters

On 2026-05-11, Andrej Karpathy (@karpathy) advised ending prompts with “structure your response as HTML” (or ask for slideshows) and then open the generated file in a browser, reporting that approach “works really well.”

Key details

  • Karpathy claims humans will prefer audio as AI input and vision as AI output, noting ~one-third of the brain is devoted to vision, and outlines a progression: raw text → markdown → HTML → … → interactive neural videos/simulations (likely generated by diffusion neural nets).
  • He emphasizes improving multimodal inputs (e.g., pointing/gesturing on-screen) before resorting to brain–computer interfaces and cites ongoing open questions about mixing procedural Software 1.0 artifacts with neural/diffusion-generated content.
Cleaned source text

This works really well btw, at the end of your query ask your LLM to "structure your response as HTML", then view the generated file in your browser. I've also had some success asking the LLM to present its output as slideshows, etc.

More generally, imo audio is the human-preferred input to AIs but vision (images/animations/video) is the preferred output from them. Around a ~third of our brains are a massively parallel processor dedicated to vision, it is the 10-lane superhighway of information into brain. As AI improves, I think we'll see a progression that takes advantage:

1) raw text (hard/effortful to read)

2) markdown (bold, italic, headings, tables, a bit easier on the eyes) <-- current default

3) HTML (still procedural with underlying code, but a lot more flexibility on the graphics, layout, even interactivity) <-- early but forming new good default

...4,5,6,...

n) interactive neural videos/simulations

Imo the extrapolation (though the technology doesn't exist just yet) ends in some kind of interactive videos generated directly by a diffusion neural net. Many open questions as to how exact/procedural "Software 1.0" artifacts (e.g. interactive simulations) may be woven together with neural artifacts (diffusion grids), but generally something in the direction of the recently viral nitter.net/zan2434/status/2046982…

There are also improvements necessary and pending at the input. Audio nor text nor video alone are not enough, e.g. I feel a need to point/gesture to things on the screen, similar to all the things you would do with a person physically next to you and your computer screen.

TLDR The input/output mind meld between humans and AIs is ongoing and there is a lot of work to do and significant progress to be made, way before jumping all the way into neuralink-esque BCIs and all that. For what's worth exploring at the current stage, hot tip try ask for HTML.

Thariq (@trq212)

Article

Using Claude Code: The Unreasonable Effectiveness of HTML

This is now also on the Claude Blog.

Markdown has become the dominant file format used by agents to communicate with us. It’s simple, portable, has some rich text capability and is easy for you to

— https://nitter.net/trq212/status/2052809885763747935#m