The slogan "Chappan inch ka chota bandar" describes not just Modi, but India itself. The entire country is a Chappan inch ka chota bandar.
Just like Modi personally, India also boasts and flaunts about its strengths, real or imagined, to the world. This has been standard practice since the Nehru era, when he and his ministers, diplomats, and andhbhakts (yes, Nehru also had them) used to depict India as some sort of leader or voice of the Global South and the Non-Aligned Movement.
Of course back then, India could still garner some international respect, as well as a fair amount of sympathy. The Age of direct Western Colonialism had just ended, and its imperialism and atrocities were fresh in people's minds.
So a newly independent republic of India's size, with erudite and verbose leaders fluent in English, could still command global respect and support. And India and Nehru fit that mold perfectly. As is the case today, they didn't really need any actual, material achievements on the ground to match their faux aura of superiority on the airwaves.
Today, Modi has continued with the same self-congratulatory air of narcissism, boosted with the internet and social media.
Yet, for all the boasting, India still remains a pathetic, do-nothing, outcome-less nation. Just watching one (1) video of a typical street just a few kilometres from Modi's own government house - will disabuse anyone of the notion that this is some sort of "Naya Hindustan". The whole world is now realizing that the country that builds fancy airports can't even keep its roads clean. It's not over for India, because it never even started.
Speaking of slogans and chest sizes (and chest thumping), here's one that describes India perfectly: Empty vessels make more noise.